Stress is the internal force per unit area in a material; strain is the resulting deformation (change in shape or size).
Stress (Ο) = Force / Area (Pa or N/mΒ²). Strain (Ξ΅) = Change in length / Original length (dimensionless).
E = Ο/Ξ΅ (in the elastic region). A higher E means a stiffer material.
The relationship between voltage, current, and resistance in an electrical circuit: V = I Γ R.
A unit of energy equal to using 1,000 watts of power for one hour.
A rotational force that causes an object to rotate around an axis, measured in newton-meters or foot-pounds.
A unit of heat energy equal to the amount needed to raise one pound of water by one degree Fahrenheit.
A material property that measures how well it conducts heat, expressed in watts per meter-kelvin (W/mΒ·K).
The amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of one unit mass of a substance by one degree.