Wavelength is the distance between successive wave peaks; frequency is the number of complete wave cycles per second.
Wavelength (λ) and frequency (f) are inversely related for any wave: c = λf, where c = wave speed.
In vacuum: c = 3×10⁸ m/s. For light: λ = c/f. Red light (f=4.3×10¹⁴ Hz) has λ ≈ 700 nm.
The relationship between voltage, current, and resistance in an electrical circuit: V = I × R.
A unit of energy equal to using 1,000 watts of power for one hour.
A rotational force that causes an object to rotate around an axis, measured in newton-meters or foot-pounds.
A unit of heat energy equal to the amount needed to raise one pound of water by one degree Fahrenheit.
A material property that measures how well it conducts heat, expressed in watts per meter-kelvin (W/m·K).
The amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of one unit mass of a substance by one degree.